John Ruskin was a towering figure of the Victorian era whose influence spanned art criticism, social reform, and environmental thought. His multi-volume work 'Modern Painters' championed J.M.W. Turner and established the importance of 'truth to nature' in art. His architectural studies, particularly 'The Stones of Venice', fueled the Gothic Revival and the Arts and Crafts movement. Later in life, Ruskin turned his sharp intellect toward social issues, critiquing the dehumanizing effects of the Industrial Revolution in 'Unto This Last'. He believed that the moral health of a nation was reflected in its art and architecture, advocating for a society that prioritized human well-being over industrial profit. His legacy profoundly influenced figures from William Morris to Mahatma Gandhi.