Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica – Isaac Newton

"If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants."

Isaac Newton lays out the laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation. Using a rigorous geometric approach, he explains the movements of the planets, the tides, and the trajectories of projectiles, unifying the physics of the heavens with the physics of the earth.

The Principia is arguably the most important work in the history of science. It established the classical mechanics that would dominate physics for the next two hundred years and provided the mathematical framework for the Industrial Revolution. It marks the culmination of the Scientific Revolution.